Fri Sep 5, 2008 – 03:15
From
Life is Sweet
Heat exhaustion might be enough to lure you to this show. The
promise of clear Northern landscapes, dark interior views, and pale,
un-sweaty people sounds like heaven in the midst of
Tokyo’s cruelest month, and heaven it is to plunge
into the air conditioning through the faux-marble archway marking the
entry to NAC’s special exhibition room.
All of these paintings are on loan from the Kunsthistorisches Museum
in Vienna, and the gallery has been transformed into something that
loosely evokes European halls of culture: deep paint colors on the
walls, large flower arrangements, and waltzes playing in the gift shop.
Still you won’t find much English here, aside from
the plaques identifying each painting, so those interested should
borrow the audio guide.
The show is loosely organized around different strains of still-life
painting, a primarily Dutch pursuit although painters of other
nationalities are represented. The focus is partly on the historical
development of the genre, but the curators also emphasize the
importance of allegory and visual shorthand: a rose is not just a rose
but also a symbol of romance, youth, and beauty.
A skull is also not just a skull: the
exhibition’s first grouping includes a series of
vanitas paintings, variations on the theme of mortality and
life’s fleeting pleasures. While the Japanese
celebrate a similar concept by getting drunk under the cherry trees,
these dour Northerners get at the idea a bit more literally with
skulls, hourglasses and other reminders of the grave. By far the best
executed of these works is Peter Gerritsz van
Roestraten’s Vanitas Painting, in which shelled
walnuts stand in for the human brain while other
objects—a metal chalice, a
violin—glimmer in the murky background.
The Allegory of Vanity by Antonio de Pereda y Salgado belongs to the
same group, but here the subject has more to do with the pride of
empires than that of individual man. In Salgado’s
large canvas a winged goddess (Europa?) sits surrounded by the spoils
of colonization: a globe, a clock, precious pearls and coins. But
nearby are the tools on which that tribute depends –
a rifle and a suit of armor – and the inevitable
skull serves as a reminder that even national pride but shortly
precedes a fall.
But wait, you say, we were promised pretty pictures of flowers and
fruit! That is, after all, what still life is known for.
Don’t despair; the archetypal images are here as
well. The loveliest are probably Jan Anton van der
Baren’s Vase of Roses and the better-known Jan van
den Hecke’s Vase of Flowers. Hecke’s painting
includes several of the exotic tulips that inspired such a frenzy of
excess in mid-seventeenth-century Holland, when bulbs went for many
times more than an average yearly salary. Once again the curators
remind us that in art, a flower is never just a flower: the tulip is a
symbol of luxury, an indicator of larger economic trends, and a product
of international trade that had been only recently introduced from the
Ottoman empire.
Similarly, in the many images of game birds and animals after the
hunt, the emphasis is on aristocracy and its pursuits rather than on
the hunt itself. But it makes little difference to the animals, and the
painters take advantage of the opportunity to do some incredible nature
studies. A jaw-droppingly gorgeous example is Jan
Weenix’s Dead Hare of 1690, in which the textures
are so lusciously rendered that the viewer almost
doesn’t notice the macabre subject matter: a dead
rabbit, strung up to drain, flanked by dead pheasants. In the distance,
misty ruins recede into the forest. The peacefulness and beauty of the
scene is almost enough to make anyone take up hunting.
The blockbuster artists of the show are reserved for the last
section, “Genre Scenes, Portraiture and the Still
Life,†which attempts to show how small still life scenes
are inserted into larger paintings as
“attributes†illustrating the character
or social standing of the people depicted.
This is where you can find Jan Brueghel the
Elder’s Visit to the Farm, a typically crisp
Brueghel scene in shades of brown with pops of bright blue and red.
Just steps away is Rubens’ Cimon and Iphigenia, a
fantastically fleshy pile of nudes dozing in the heat of an early
summer’s day. Jan Steen, that standard of every
art-history textbook, is represented here by two paintings: Beware of
Luxury, a preachy work showing the dangers of too much to drink and too
little to do, and the similarly themed Peasant Wedding (The Deceived
Bridegroom).
But the superstar of the show is
Velázquez’s Infanta Margarita Teresa
in a Pink Dress. Like his famous Las Meninas, the subject is a child of
the Spanish royal family. Here she is depicted alone except for a vase
of flowers including a few marguerites – a play on
the little girl’s name, while the roses in the
bouquet echo her flushed chubby cheeks and the pattern on her pink
dress.
Enjoy this piece and the opportunity to see
Velázquez’s brushwork up close. But
reserve some time to stroll across the room and peek at the
show’s sleeper hit, Tiberio
Tinelli’s Portrait of a Lady. A stunningly vertical
painting, it shows a woman in dress so elaborate that it could almost
constitute a still life in itself. The painter has put an incredible
amount of observation and experimentation into getting the overlay of
lace, tulle, and ribbon exactly right. Still-life is often thought of
as conservative and traditional, but like all art forms, it was once
new. This exhibition –full of tour de force
paintings –reminds us of the continual inventiveness of the
artist.
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